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PopTerm/NVT
for DOS and Windows
User's Guide
(ASCII-Only Version)
Rational Data Systems
Welcome!
========
The PopTerm/NVT User's Guides are normally delivered in typeset,
bound, hard copy, However, to expedite the distribution of the
demo version, RDS has supplied this ASCII-only textfile version.
If you would like to receive a hard-copy version of the User's
Guide, or if you have any other questions, please contact:
Rational Data Systems, Inc.
1050 Northgate Drive
San Rafael, California 94903
Tel: 415/499-3354
Tel: 800/743-3054
FAX: 415/499-8115
NOTICE
Rational Data Systems, Inc., (RDS) has prepared this manual for
use by RDS personnel and customers. The material contained
herein is the property of RDS and shall not be reproduced in
whole or in part without RDS's prior written approval.
Users are cautioned that RDS reserves the right to make changes
without notice in the specifications and materials contained
herein and shall not be responsible for any damages (including
consequential) caused by reliance upon the materials presented.
Software and Documentation Copyright 1992, 1993
Rational Data Systems, Inc., and Redwood Technologies.
All Rights Reserved.
Portions of this program Copyright 1983-1990 Novell, Inc.
All Rights Reserved.
ISBN 1-881378-17-9
Trademarks
==========
PopTerm is a trademark of Rational Data Systems, Inc. MS-DOS,
MS, Microsoft and Microsoft Windows are registered trademarks of
Microsoft Corporation. IBM is a registered trademark of
International Business Machines Corporation. Novell and NetWare
are registred trademarks of Novell, Inc. Unix is a registered
trademark of American Telephone and Telegraph.
Revision History:
=================
Second Edition [2.00] February 1993
Rational Data Systems, Inc.
San Rafael, California
Tel: 800/743-3054
Tel: 415/499-3354
FAX: 415/499-8115
BBS: 415/499-7628
Preface
Thank You!
==========
We appreciate your selecting PopTerm/NVT for your terminal
emulation requirements. Rational Data Systems has tried to make
PopTerm/NVT the best possible emulator for the NetWare for Unix
environment. We hope you'll agree that we have succeeded.
What's Inside
=============
This User's Guide is divided into three sections:
* PopTerm/NVT for MS-DOS
* PopTerm/NVT for Microsoft Windows
* Emulation Issues
The first two sections document the unique aspects of each of
the two versions of PopTerm/NVT. The third section describes
more advanced topics that are common to both versions.
If You Need Help
================
If you encounter difficulties which you cannot resolve with the
help of this User's Guide please contact your NetWare for Unix
OEM or Rational Data Systems Tech Support Department:
Rational Data Systems, Inc.
1050 Northgate Drive
San Rafael, California 94903 USA
Tel: 800/743-3054 (toll-free in the U.S.)
Tel: 415/499-3354
FAX: 415/499-8115
BBS: 415/499-7628
End-User License Agreement
==========================
DO NOT OPEN THIS PACKAGE BEFORE CAREFULLY READING ALL THE TERMS
OF THIS AGREEMENT. OPENING THE PACKAGE CONTAINING THIS SOFTWARE
INDICATES YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS.
If you do not agree to these terms and conditions, return the
sealed package with all contents unused to the place of purchase
and your money will be refunded. No refunds will be given for
packages which have been opened or for products which have been
used or are missing components. In return for acquiring a license
to use the computer program(s) contained herein ("Programs") and
related documentation supplied by Rational Data Systems,
Incorporated ("RDS"), you agree to the following terms and
conditions:
1.1 SCOPE OF USE. You agree to accept a nonexclusive license
to use the Programs on one (1) specific single-user computer
system or network server ("CPU") as appropriate for the
license purchased under the conditions set forth below.
1.2 You agree that you will not make or have made, or permit to
be made, any copies of the Programs or related documentation or
any portions thereof, except as necessary for backup purposes.
You agree that any such backup copies of the Programs shall
contain the same proprietary notices (including, but not limited
to copyright notices) which appear on or in the Programs as
delivered by RDS.
2. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS. You acknowledge that the
Programs are proprietary to RDS and licensed to you on a
nonexclusive basis.
3. NO OTHER RIGHTS. Except as stated above, this Agreement does not
grant you any rights to nor shall any rights accrue to you by your
use under this Agreement of patents, copyrights, trade secrets,
trade names, Trademarks (whether registered or unregistered), or
any other rights, franchises, or licenses in respect of the
Programs or related documentation or trademarks.
4. TERM. The license is effective until terminated. You may
terminate the license at any time by destroying the software
and its documentation together with all copies or modifications.
RDS will have the right to terminate your license immediately if
you fail to comply with any term or condition of this Agreement.
You agree upon any such termination you will destroy the software
and its documentation together with all copies or modifications in
any form and cease all use of Programs.
5.1 LIMITED WARRANTY. RDS warrants that the unmodified Programs
contained herein will operate substantially in the manner
described in the documentation contained herein for a period of
ninety (90) days from the date they were obtained by you as
evidenced by a copy of your receipt. RDS warrants that the
magnetic media upon which the Programs are recorded will be
free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use
and service for the same ninety (90) day period.
RDS's entire liability and your exclusive remedy shall be
replacement of the Programs which do not meeting RDS's
Limited Warranty are which returned by you to your place of
purchase with a copy of your receipt and a written statement of
the problem(s) encountered. If the Programs have been modified
in any manner then RDS shall have no responsibility to replace
the Programs under this Limited Warranty. RDS DOES NOT AND
CANNOT WARRANT THE PERFORMANCE OR RESULTS THAT MAY BE OBTAINED BY
USING THE PROGRAMS OR RELATED DOCUMENTATION. THE FOREGOING
STATES YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR BREACH OF WARRANTY. IN
PARTICULAR, RDS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES AS TO PERFORMANCE,
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
5.2 LIMITED LIABILITY. IN NO EVENT WILL RDS BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR
ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY LOST PROFITS, LOST SAVINGS OR OTHER
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES EVEN IF RDS OR ANY RDS
REPRESENTATIVE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES, OR FOR ANY CLAIM BY ANY OTHER PARTY.
5.3 Some states do not allow the exclusion of implied warranties
or limitations on how long an implied warranty may last, or the
exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages,
so the above limitations or exclusions may not apply to you. The
warranty in Section 5.1 gives you specific legal rights and you
may also have other rights which vary from state to state.
6. EXPORT. You acknowledge that the laws and regulations of the
United States restrict the export and re-export of commodities
and technical data of United States origin, including the
Programs or related documentation in any medium. You agree that
you will not export or re-export the Programs or related
documentation in any form without the appropriate United States
and foreign government licenses. You also agree that your
obligations pursuant to this section shall survive and continue
after any termination or expiration of rights under this Agreement.
7. GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shall be governed in all respects
by the laws of the United States of America and the State of
California as such laws are applied to agreements entered into and
to be performed entirely within California between California
residents.
8. ENTIRE AGREEMENT. YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT YOU HAVE READ THIS
AGREEMENT, UNDERSTAND IT AND THAT BY USING THE ENCLOSED PROGRAMS,
YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS. YOU FURTHER
AGREE THAT IT IS THE COMPLETE AND EXCLUSIVE STATEMENT OF THE
AGREEMENT BETWEEN RDS AND YOU WHICH SUPERSEDES ANY PROPOSAL OR
PRIOR AGREEMENT, ORAL OR WRITTEN, AND ANY OTHER COMMUNICATIONS
BETWEEN RDS AND YOU RELATING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS
AGREEMENT. NO VARIATION OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY
DIFFERENT TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST RDS UNLESS RDS GIVES
ITS EXPRESS CONSENT, INCLUDING AN EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF
THIS AGREEMENT, IN A WRITING SIGNED BY RDS.
PopTerm/NVT for MS-DOS is one of a family of multi-session
LAN-based terminal emulation software packages designed
specifically for use with NetWare for Unix.
PopTerm/NVT for MS-DOS emulates VT-52, VT-102 and VT-220
terminals on IBM PC, XT, AT, PS/2 and compatible computers under
MS-DOS.
Features
========
PopTerm/NVT for MS-DOS includes the following features:
* VT-xxx Emulation
PopTerm/NVT emulates the important features of Digital
Equipment's popular VT-52, VT-102 and VT-220 CRTs.
* Integrated NVT
NetWare Virtual Terminal (NVT) is the LAN-based protocol
for terminal emulation in conjunction with NetWare for Unix.
While many emulators are NVT compatible, PopTerm/NVT is the
first emulator to actually include enhanced functionality of
Novell's NVT.EXE within the emulator itself.
* Multiple Sessions
PopTerm/NVT supports up to ten simultaneous sessions.
These sessions may be on a single or separate NetWare for
Unix servers. PopTerm/NVT accomplishes this without the
need for additional software on the NetWare for Unix server.
A single keystroke allows you to switch from one session to
any other. The screen for each session is saved and restored
when you return to that session.
* Small Size
PopTerm/NVT requires less than 100k bytes under MS-DOS. This
includes the memory normally occupied by NVT.EXE which is
not required by PopTerm/NVT, making PopTerm/NVT much smaller
than other NVT-based packages.
* Memory-Resident
PopTerm/NVT for MS-DOS is small enough to run as a memory-
resident (TSR) program. PopTerm/NVT can even be loaded into
memory above 640k, giving the user memory-resident emulation
without consuming valuable DOS memory.
* Hot-Key Activation
When installed as an MS-DOS TSR, PopTerm/NVT can be activated
at any time by pressing the Alt and = keys. The PC screen
then switches instantly between DOS and terminal mode. The
underlying application's screen is fully saved and restored.
* Internationalization
PopTerm/NVT is a truly international product. In addition to
support for most character sets, a single keystroke instantly
switches PopTerm/NVT's prompts and messages between most
common languages. PopTerm/NVT's extensive help facility is
likewise multilingual.
* Remappable Keyboard
To support applications which expect a variety of keyboard
layouts as well as the unique requirements of many non-U.S.
keyboards, PopTerm/NVT supports redefining or remapping of
most of the keyboard character codes.
* Network Ready
PopTerm/NVT's simple installation and management procedures
are designed for the multi-user environment. Individual
session files retain host-specific data and each user's
preferences for colors, languages and other emulation
attributes.
* Text File Logging and Transmission
PopTerm/NVT can capture text files to disk as they are
received, and transmit disk files to the remote computer as
though they were typed from the keyboard.
* Restrictions
While PopTerm supports all of the most commonly used
functions of the DEC VTxxx terminals, it does not support
downloadable fonts or the DEC Technical Character Set.
Installation
Introduction
============
The PopTerm/NVT files may be stored on each individual PC
workstation or kept on your NetWare file server. The software
will operate the same in either case.
Advantages of keeping PopTerm/NVT on each PC include:
* a simple installation process; and
* complete privacy of configuration data and session
files.
On the other hand, if you store PopTerm/NVT on a network file
server:
* all users can share a single copy of the program and
associated files, and
* a system manager can support multiple users without the
need to make changes at each PC.
If you are already familiar with PopTerm/NVT and want to install
it on a NetWare server, refer to the Advanced Installation
Options section later in this manual for more information. The
following section describes the simplified procedure for
installation on an individual PC.
NVT.EXE
=======
Do not load the file NVT.EXE which was supplied by your
NetWare for Unix OEM. The functions of NVT.EXE are included
within PopTerm/NVT itself.
Installing PopTerm/NVT
=======================
1. Create a directory on your hard drive for PopTerm i.e. C:\POPTERM
2. Copy the files that came from the self-extracting archive to that directory
3. Modify config.sys to make sure FILES are at least 35 and BUFFERS
are at least 15
FILES=35
BUFFERS=15
4. Add your PopTerm directory to your DOS Path statement in your AUTOEXEC.BAT
In order to run PopTerm/NVT, your computer must be able to
locate the PT.EXE program. As with all MS-DOS programs, your
computer will first look in the current directory, then follow your
search PATH. Make sure that MS-DOS can find PopTerm/NVT by adding
C:\POPTERM to the end of your PATH statement in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file.
5. Add the following line to your AUTOEXEC.BAT
SET PTDIR=C:\POPTERM
For PopTerm/NVT to find its session files you must either be in
the directory with those session files before you start PopTerm/NVT
or you must add the PTDIR variable to your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. What
this does is tell PopTerm/NVT where to find its session files.
RELEASE.TXT and SEE.EXE
===================
PopTerm/NVT comes with a utility called SEE.EXE. This program
is used to read the documentation that comes with this demo.
To display the PopTerm/NVT RELEASE.TXT file simply type README from a
DOS prompt in the POPTERM subdirectory. SEE.EXE allows you to navigate
through the READ.ME file using the following keys:
* Use the up and down arrows to scroll one line at a time,
PgUp and PgDown to move and entire screen at a time, and
Home and End to move to the beginning and end of the entire
file.
* Press "C" to print or copy all or portions of the file.
* Press "H" to get more help with the use of SEE.EXE.
* Press "ESCape" then you are done reading the RELEASE.TXT file.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
WARNING! RELEASE.TXT contains important updates and changes to
this User's Guide. The information it contains may be
critical to your installation, use of, and success
with PopTerm/NVT. Please read it thoroughly.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Getting Started
Running PopTerm/NVT
===================
Once PopTerm/NVT has been properly installed, it is started by
simply typing "PT".
C>pt
PopTerm/NVT will display the Connection Manager screen.
Select a NetWare for Unix NVT server from among those displayed
by moving the highlight bar up or down with your cursor keys and
press <Enter>. You will be presented with the Unix login prompt
of the server you selected.
That's all there is to it. You're up and running!
----------------------------------------------------------------
HINT: You may need to hit the Enter key once or twice before
you receive the login prompt.
----------------------------------------------------------------
If No Servers Appear
====================
If no servers are shown in the list, it is usually attributable
to one of the following causes.
First, NVT may not be running or may not be configured properly
on your NetWare for Unix server. See your NetWare for Unix
documentation for instructions on how to enable NVT using the
sconsole utility.
Second, the IPX driver on your PC may not be configured properly.
Can you connect to your NetWare for Unix file server as an
ordinary NetWare client (i.e., for file and print service)? If
not, then refer to your NetWare documentation for instructions on
configuring your IPX and LAN adaptor.
If neither of these suggestions solves the problem, use
NVT.EXE as a diagnostic tool as described below.
Testing with NVT.EXE
====================
Your NetWare for Unix software includes an MS-DOS program called
NVT.EXE which is used by other terminal emulators to communicate
with NetWare for Unix's NVT. The functionality of NVT.EXE is
contained within PopTerm/NVT, so NVT.EXE should not be used with
PopTerm/NVT. You can, however, use NVT.EXE to test the ability
to make a connection to the server.
If you are currently running PopTerm/NVT, exit and remove it from
memory by pressing Alt-R. Locate the NVT.EXE program which was
supplied with your NetWare for Unix software. Load NVT.EXE from
the MS-DOS prompt by typing:
NVT
Press Alt-T to bring up the list of available NVT servers. The
list you see using NVT.EXE should be the same as that displayed
using PopTerm/NVT.
To unload NVT.EXE, press ESCape to return to the MS-DOS command
line and enter the following command:
NVT -y
If servers are displayed using NVT.EXE but not with PopTerm/NVT,
contact Rational Data Systems or your supplier for assistance.
If no servers are displayed using either NVT.EXE or PopTerm/NVT,
the problem is not within PopTerm/NVT.
Session Files
=============
PopTerm/NVT uses session files to store your preferences for each
connection or session. By default PopTerm/NVT tries to load the
session file named DEFAULT.SES. Unless you have modified
DEFAULT.SES it will not contain the name of your NetWare for Unix
server, and PopTerm/NVT will enter the Connection Manager.
However, if you have modified DEFAULT.SES using the Control Panel,
PopTerm/NVT will try to connect to the specified server.
The Command Line
================
You can also specify session file names on the command line. For
example, suppose you have a NetWare for Unix NVT server named
NVT_ONE. If you create a session file named ONE.SES which
specifies that name you could start PopTerm/NVT as follows:
C>pt one
This instructs PopTerm/NVT to connect to NVT_ONE as soon as the
program begins, which is very convenient if you typically use the
same NetWare for Unix NVT servers over and over again.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: You should not use the ".SES" file extension. It is
always assumed by PopTerm/NVT.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Multiple Sessions
=================
PopTerm/NVT allows you to establish up to ten sessions and to
switch back and forth between them without losing any data.
These sessions may all be on the same NetWare for Unix NVT server
or on different servers.
You can start and stop each session from within PopTerm/NVT, or
you can specify up to ten sessions on the command line. For
example:
C>pt one one two
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: The session file ONE.SES is used twice. This would
start sessions 1 and 2 on NVT_ONE and session 3 on the
server specified in the session file TWO.SES.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Exiting PopTerm/NVT
===================
When you want to return to MS-DOS you have two options:
* If you press the Alt-R (Remove) key your sessions will be
terminated, PopTerm/NVT will be removed from memory and
you'll be returned to MS-DOS.
* If you press the Alt-X (eXit) key PopTerm/NVT will install
itself as a memory-resident or TSR program. Your sessions
will continue to exist (but remain inactive) and you'll be
be returned to MS-DOS.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
HINT: The advantage of leaving PopTerm/NVT as a memory
resident program is that you can return to it at any
time by simply pressing the hot-key, typically Alt-=.
Your current MS-DOS application will be suspended and
your PopTerm/NVT sessions will continue where they left
off. You may then toggle back and forth between
PopTerm/NVT and MS-DOS using the hot-key.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------
WARNING! PopTerm/NVT will only "pop-up" when the current
MS-DOS application is using your display in text
mode. If you are currently running a graphics
application (such as Windows), PopTerm/NVT will
just beep when you press the hot-key.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
The /R Option
=============
You can also install PopTerm/NVT as a memory resident program from
the command line using the /R option:
C>pt /r
-----------------------------------------------------------------
HINT: You may even want to include a line like this in your
AUTOEXEC.BAT file. PopTerm/NVT will then always be
available, waiting for you to press the hot-key. You can
also specify session files in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file:
pt /r bigcpu other1
In this case, connections to each of the NVT servers
specified in BIGCPU.SES and OTHER1.SES will be available
as soon as you press the hot-key.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
What's Next?
============
You'll know when you're in an active session: you will see the
screen of your Unix application, and your current session number
(1-10) will be highlighted at the bottom of your screen. You'll
also see the numbers of any other sessions which are active.
To switch to another active session, press the Alt-<n> key or
Alt-F<n> for the number of the session you want to move to. For
example, to switch to session 2, press Alt-2 or Alt-F2.
To change the parameters of the current session, press Alt-P to
go to the Control Panel. To start a new session, press Alt-C to
go to the Connection Manager. See the Alt Keys section for details
on the other Alt keys that are available.
On-Line Help
PopTerm/NVT provides on-line help throughout the program.
Wherever help is available, it can be accessed by pressing the
Alt-H key.
Help In Active Sessions
=======================
While in an active session, the 25th line of the display
indicates which sessions are active and the name of the server to
which this session is currently attached. When you press Alt-H,
the 25th line displays the Alt keys that can be used. You can
continue to press Alt-H and several more lines of Help will be
displayed. If you leave a Help line on the screen, it will
disappear in a few seconds.
Help in the Connection Manager
==============================
In the Connection Manager, all of the important keys are
indicated at the bottom three lines of the display.
Help in the Control Panel
=========================
There is help available for each field in the Control Panel. The
bottom three lines display general help for using the Control
Panel. When Alt-H is pressed, specific information is available
for the field that is currently highlighted.
The Connection Manager
What it Does
============
The Connection Manager screen is used to select a server to start
a new session.
Getting There
=============
If you start PopTerm/NVT without specifying one or more session
files, you will automatically see the Connection Manager. If you
are in an active session and want to start another, press Alt-C.
New Sessions
============
There are two ways to start a session from the Connection
Manager. The first is to use the Up and Down arrow keys to
choose a server name, and then press Enter. The program will
immediately attempt to connect you to the server and, if
successful, you will be at the Unix login prompt.
The second way to establish a new session is to load a session
file. To do this, press Alt-L in the Connection Manager. Then
enter the name of the session file you wish to load. The program
will then attempt to connect to the server named in that session
file. If there is no server named in the file or if the
connection is not successful, an error message will appear and
you will remain in the Connection Manager. Even if the
connection is unsuccessful, the terminal settings from the new
session file will become the default settings for any new
sessions.
The Control Panel
What it Does
============
The PopTerm/NVT Control Panel provides the user with an easy,
on-line way of changing terminal settings and colors, selecting
international character sets, and entering function key macros.
The user can save these settings to a session file, which can be
recalled at a later time.
Getting There
=============
The Control Panel is accessed by pressing Alt-P while in an
active session or from the Connection Manager. When you enter
the Control Panel, the settings that are displayed are the
current settings for the current active session. Anything that
is changed in the Control Panel, except the Server Name, will be
immediately reflected in the current session when you return to
the session.
Saving Sessions
===============
You can save the current settings to a session file by pressing
Alt-S. Enter the name of the file (without the .SES extension),
and it will be saved in the directory specified by the PTDIR
environment variable.
Loading Sessions
================
You can load a session file by pressing Alt-L and entering the
name of the file, again without the .SES extension. The settings
from that session file will become the current settings. The
name of the last session file that was loaded or saved will
appear at the top of the Control Panel.
Fields
======
Server Name
Enter the NetWare NVT Server Name of up to 48 characters. If the
Server Name is changed in the Control Panel it will not affect
the current session. The field is provided here only for the
purposes of building session files containing Server Names.
Terminal Type
Enter the type of terminal emulation desired. The following
types are supported:
VT52 DEC VT-52
VT102 DEC VT-102
VT102/AC DEC VT-102 plus ANSI Color Support
VT220-7 DEC VT-220 in 7-bit mode
VT220-8 DEC VT-220 in 8-bit mode
The setting should reflect the equivalent TERM variable value on
your Unix server.
Columns
Indicate whether to display in 80 column or virtual 132 column
mode. If 132 column is selected, the screen will scroll
horizontally as you type or when you use the Ctrl Left-Arrow and
Ctrl Right-Arrow keys.
Screen Mode
Select Normal or Reverse. If reverse is selected, then the
foreground and background colors are reversed.
Character Wrap
Select Yes if you want characters to wrap around to the next line
whenever you write to the last column.
Automatic Linefeed
Select Yes if you want each carriage return that is sent to the
host to be followed by a line feed.
Cursor Type
Select either a Block or Underline cursor type. The cursor you
select will be used in the Control Panel as well as in the
current active session.
Key Click
Select Yes if you want an audible click with each keystroke.
Margin Bell
Select Yes if you want PopTerm/NVT to make a sound whenever you
are 8 characters from the end of a line.
Scrolling Speed
Select a scrolling speed with 5 being the fastest and 1 the
slowest.
Foreground Color
Select a foreground color for the current session. If you select
MONO, the foreground will be set to white, the background will be
black and monochrome underlining will be enabled.
Background Color
Select a background color for the current session.
Underline Color
Select a color to use to replace underlining on color monitors.
Tabs
Press Enter at the tab field to display the tab array. Use the
arrow keys to move left and right. Enter a Space to delete a
tab. Enter a 'T' to set a tab. Alt-C will clear all tabs.
Alt-D will display the default tabs which start in column 9 and
set a tab every 8 columns. The tabs that are set will
immediately affect the current session.
Language
Select the language in which all help and prompts will be
displayed.
Character Set
Select the National Replacement Character Set.
Printer
Select the printer port for this session.
Answer Back
Enter a message to be returned to the host whenever a Read Status
request is received from the host.
Default Log File
Enter the name of a file to which data will be logged to while in
an active session.
Macros 1-6
The macros are messages of up to 30 characters each that are sent
to the host whenever the macro keys, Ctrl-Shift-F1 through
Ctrl-Shift-F6 are pressed.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
HINT: You can include control characters in the macros by typing
the caret, "^" (Shift-6), followed by a letter. For
example, if you enter the following as macro 5:
This is a bell.^G
then whenever you press Ctrl-Shift-F5, PopTerm/NVT will
send "This is a bell." followed by the control-G character
(ASCII value 7). If you want to send ESCape sequences to
the host, you can enter "^[" (caret, followed by left
square bracket) to place an ESCape character in a macro.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: The macro keys may be remapped. Refer to the section in
this manual on keyboard remapping for more information.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Advanced Installation Options
This section is intended for system managers and network managers
who are responsible for installing and supporting a NetWare for
Unix NVT server in addition to PopTerm/NVT.
Installing PopTerm/NVT on a NetWare Server
==========================================
If you are installing PopTerm/NVT on a file server, each user can
have his own directory for session files, or session files can be
shared. If users will share session files, set the PTDIR
environment variable to this directory name. If each user will
have his own session file directory, set PTDIR to the particular
directory for each user. You can do this by adding PTDIR to each
user's login script on the server, or by adding it to each user's
AUTOEXEC.BAT file on each workstation.
For example, if users will share session files in the
F:\PUBLIC\POPTERM directory, add
SET PTDIR=F:\PUBLIC\POPTERM
to each user's login script or AUTOEXEC.BAT file.
Running Under Microsoft Windows
Introduction
============
Because IPX is not designed to work in a multi-tasking
environment such as Windows or the MS-DOS DOSSHELL, you may need
to use additional modules to run PopTerm/NVT in a DOS session
under Windows 3.x or other task switching environments.
TBMI and TASKID
===============
TBMI2.COM is a DOS TSR which is loaded prior to starting Windows.
TBMI stands for Task-switched Buffer Manager for IPX and was
created to provide multi-tasking capabilities to IPX and SPX
programs. Another TSR, TASKID.COM, may also be needed, along
with an older version of TBMI, depending upon your configuration.
* Windows 3.1 in 386 Enhanced Mode:
No drivers or other changes are need for this
configuration.
* Windows 3.1 in Standard or Real Mode, or Windows 3.0 in
Standard or Real Mode with DOS 5.0 or greater:
Before starting Windows, load TBMI2.COM which can be found
in your \POPTERM directory. After exiting Windows, run
TBMI2 with the /U option to unload it from memory. To do all
of this from a batch file, see "Loading TBMI* from a Batch
File," later in this section.
* Windows 3.0 in 386 Enhanced Mode:
If the network adaptor in your computer is set for interrupt
(IRQ) 2, or IRQ 9 or greater, copy the file, VPICDA.386, from
\POPTERM to \WINDOWS\SYSTEM, and replace VPICID.386 with
VPICDA.386 by editing your SYSTEM.INI file as follows:
[386Enh]
;device=*vpicd
device=vpicda.386
* Windows 3.0 in Standard or Real Mode, DOS version 4.x
or earlier:
Before starting Windows, load TBMI.COM which can be found
in your \POPTERM directory. After exiting Windows, run TBMI
with the /U option to unload it from memory. To do all of
this from a batch file, see "Loading TBMI* from a Batch
File," later in this section.
TASKID.COM provides information to TBMI as to which DOS session
it is receiving information from, and must be loaded prior to
running POPTERM.EXE in a DOS session. A batch file, PTWIN.BAT,
is used to run PopTerm/NVT under Windows, and must be edited to
call TASKID. Remove the "REM " keywords on the TASKID lines.
Loading TBMI* from a Batch File
===============================
If you are required to run TBMI2.COM or TBMI.COM, you will find
it helpful to create a batch file which loads it, starts Windows,
and then unloads it when you exit Windows. Here is what the
batch file should look like:
C:\POPTERM\TBMI2
C:\WINDOWS\WIN
C:\POPTERM\TBMI2 /U
Change the paths as required if your files are located elsewhere.
If you already have a batch file to start Windows, add the lines
containing TBMI2 to it.
If you need to use TBMI.COM instead of TBMI2.COM, edit the batch
file to remove the "2" from each line.
PIF Files
=========
Be aware that PIF files have a setting for the Application
Shortcut Key (ASK). Pressing this key when the program is
running causes it to become the foreground task. The ASK may be
assigned automatically by Windows when you create a PIF file.
This key will always be an Alt- or Ctrl- combination which may
conflict with one used by PopTerm/NVT. For example, if your PIF
file's ASK is set for Alt-D, you will not be able to press Alt-D
within PopTerm/NVT to disconnect.
If you find that an Alt- or Ctrl- combination doesn't work in
PopTerm/NVT DOS under Windows, check the PIF file being used to
see the setting of the ASK. Your best bet is to set it to
disable the ASK. If you do use it, select an Alt- combination
not used by PopTerm/NVT.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
WARNING! Remember, if you do not create a PIF file for
PopTerm/NVT, it will use the _DEFAULT.PIF file. See
your Windows manual for more information on PIF files
and the Application Shortcut Key.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
The PopTerm/NVT Files
There are several types of files used with PopTerm/NVT. Each
file type has a unique DOS extension. The following describes
each of the filetypes in detail.
PopTerm (PT.EXE)
================
PT.EXE should be placed in a directory within your DOS PATH or
within a Search directory if you are using the NetWare file
services.
Session Files (*.SES)
=====================
Session files contain a server name, terminal settings, and any
other information that can be entered in the Control Panel.
Session files are created by pressing Alt-S, Save Session, while
in the Control Panel. All of the settings for the current
session will be saved in the session file. The session files
will be saved in the directory specified by the PTDIR environment
variable, or if PTDIR is not defined, in the directory you were
in when PopTerm/NVT was started.
A new session file can be loaded for the current session by
entering a file name in the session file Name field. The
settings from that session file will become the new settings for
the current session.
PopTerm/NVT is installed with a default session file which is
called DEFAULT.SES. Whenever PopTerm/NVT is started, if no
session files are indicated on the command line, the program will
load the default session file and attempt to establish a session
with the server named in that file. You can change the settings
and the server name in the default session file by selecting Save
Session in the Control Panel, and saving the session to file name
DEFAULT.
Prompt Files (PT-PROMP.*)
=========================
PopTerm/NVT includes prompt files in a number of different
languages. All of the prompts on the screen will appear in the
language that is currently selected. You can change the language
for the prompts at any time by changing the Language field in the
Control Panel for the current session. The language can be set
on a per session basis.
PopTerm/NVT will first search for the prompt files in the same
directory as the PT.EXE file. If the prompt files are not found
there, the program will search in the directory specified by the
PTDIR environment variable, or if PTDIR is not defined, in the
directory you were in when PopTerm/NVT was started.
If the prompt file for the language that you select cannot be
found, the prompts will remain in the last language that was
selected. If no prompt files can be found on startup, all
prompts will default to English.
Help Files (PT-HELP.*)
======================
PopTerm/NVT includes help files in a number of different
languages. All of the help messages will appear in the language
that is currently selected. The language for the help is changed
whenever a new language is selected in the Control Panel.
PopTerm/NVT will first search for the help files in the same
directory as the PT.EXE file. If the help files are not found
there, the program will search in the directory specified by the
PTDIR environment variable, or if PTDIR is not defined, in the
directory you were in when PopTerm/NVT was started.
If the help file for the language that you select cannot be
found, no help messages will appear in the Connection Manager or
the Control Panel.
Image Files (*.PTI)
===================
Image files are temporary files that are created by PopTerm/NVT
whenever a new session is established. The image filenames are
of the form PTnnnn.PTI where nnnn is a 4 digit number, e.g.,
PT0005.PTI. Whenever you switch sessions, the screen image, as
well as all of the terminal settings for the session you are
switching from, will be saved to an image file.
Image files will be created in the directory specified by the
PTDIR environment variable, or if PTDIR is not defined, in the
directory you were in when PopTerm/NVT was started.
Whenever PopTerm/NVT is started, the program will attempt to
delete all image files that are found. If the specified
directory is on a NetWare server, image files that are in use by
another user will not be deleted. If you change the PTDIR
variable, it is possible that image files may not be deleted from
the old directory. You may attempt to delete *.PTI files
whenever you wish, since any image files that are in use will not
be deleted.
Buffer Files (*.PTB)
====================
Buffer files are temporary files used by PopTerm/NVT to save any
data in the local NVT Network buffers whenever you switch
sessions or go to the Control Panel or Connection Manager. A
buffer file will only be created if data is flowing from the host
at the time the switch takes place. The data will then be
displayed on the screen when you switch back into the original
session. The buffer file will then be deleted.
The buffer files are of the form PTnnnn.PTB where nnnn is a 4
digit number, e.g., PT0005.PTB. Buffer files will be created in
the directory specified by the PTDIR environment variable, or if
PTDIR is not defined, in the directory you were in when
PopTerm/NVT was started.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
HINT: It is possible that buffer files may not get deleted
from a directory if a user turns off his computer before
switching back to the session in which the buffer file
was created. If you find buffer files on a NetWare server,
you should only delete those files that are at least one
day old.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
UNLOCK.EXE
==========
The UNLOCK.EXE program allows Rational Data Systems technical
support personnel to upgrade the licensing parameters for
simultaneous user and server counts via telephone or fax.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: The UNLOCK.EXE program must be located in the same
directory as PT.EXE at the time UNLOCK.EXE is run.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Map Source Files (*.SRC)
========================
These are keyboard map source files.
Keyboard Map Files (*.MAP)
==========================
These are the compiled versions of .SRC files. They are the map
files actually used by PopTerm/NVT.
Special Configurations
There are five options to PopTerm/NVT that may be used for
individual workstations. This is done by setting the PTCFG
environment variable on the workstation. Each of the options
is separated by a space.
For example, the following specifies the MONO option and changes
the Hotkey to Ctrl-Alt-[:
set PTCFG=MONO HOTKEY-26,12
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: There must be a space between each option and there must
be no spaces within the HOTKEY option.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------
HINT: You can add this command to your AUTOEXEC.BAT file.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
MONO
On some PC's the graphics card does not properly indicate the
presence of a monochrome monitor. If you have a monochrome PC
and PopTerm/NVT does not seem to display properly in the Control
Panel or Connection Manager, use the MONO option and the program
will force the display to be monochrome.
INT10
PopTerm/NVT uses direct writes to video memory in order to
increase speed. On some PC's this may not work properly. If
you are having problems with displays in PopTerm/NVT, try the
INT10 option. This is the standard way to display data on the
screen, but it will slow down the display somewhat.
MAXSESS
PopTerm/NVT normally supports up to ten simultaneous sessions.
However as these sessions sometimes consume valuable server
resources, some users and system managers may want to restrict
this to a lower number. This can be done using the MAXSESS-
option which is always followed by precisely one digit in the
range 1..9. For example, the following will restrict PopTerm/NVT
to at most three simultaneous sessions:
SET PTCFG=MAXSESS-3
NOPAN
PopTerm/NVT pans active session screens in from the left and
right, and rolls the Control Panel and Connection Manager in from
the top. If you would prefer to turn off the panning feature,
set the NOPAN option.
HOTKEY
PopTerm/NVT comes with the Hotkey set to Alt-=. When the program
is left resident in memory, pressing the Hotkey will switch you
back into the program. Some applications, however, may use
Alt-=. If the Hotkey is set to Alt-=, then the application will
never see that that key was pressed.
This HOTKEY option allows you to set the Hotkey to a combination
of keys that will not be used by any of your applications. To
select a new Hotkey, you will need to determine the combination
of the shift keys and the regular key that you wish to use. See
the table below for the numeric values to use. Note that you add
the numeric values of all of the shift keys you select.
The syntax of the HOTKEY option is as follows:
HOTKEY-<regular_key>,<shift_key(s)>
For example, suppose you want to use Ctrl-Alt-[ as your Hotkey.
First find the '[' key in the Regular Key Table. It has a
numeric value of 26. Then find the Ctrl and Alt keys in the
Shift Key Table. These keys have values 4 and 8 respectively.
Add the shift key values together to get 12. The PTCFG option
for the Hotkey would then be
HOTKEY-26,12
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: You cannot use any of the PopTerm/NVT Alt keys as your
Hotkey. The easiest way to avoid this is not to use the
Alt key followed by a letter, number, or function key.
For example Alt-[ would be fine, but Alt-F1 or Alt-P
would not.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Regular Key Table
=================
The following table lists the regular key values to be used when
changing the hot key value via the HOTKEY option:
Key Value
--------------------
ESC 1
1 2
2 3
3 4
4 5
5 6
6 7
7 8
8 9
9 10
0 11
- 12
= 13
Backspace 14
Tab 15
Q 16
W 17
E 18
R 19
T 20
Y 21
U 22
I 23
O 24
P 25
[ 26
] 27
Enter 28
A 30
S 31
D 32
F 33
G 34
H 35
J 36
K 37
L 38
; 39
' 40
` 41
\ 42
Z 44
X 45
C 46
V 47
B 48
N 49
M 50
, 51
. 52
/ 53
PrtSc 55
F1 59
F2 60
F3 61
F4 62
F5 63
F6 64
F7 65
F8 66
F9 67
F10 68
Home 71
Up 72
PgUp 73
Minus 74
Left 75
Right 77
End 79
Down 80
PgDn 81
Ins 82
Del 83
Shift Key Table
===============
The following table lists the shift key values to be used when
changing the hot key via the HOTKEY option:
Key Value
--------------------
Right Shift 1
Left Shift 2
Ctrl 4
Alt 8
Scroll Lock 16
Num Lock 32
Caps Lock 64
Alt Key Reference
In All Situations
=================
Alt-H
Help
Alt-R
Exit PopTerm/NVT and remove the program from memory.
Alt-X
Exit PopTerm/NVT and leave the program resident in memory. If the
Hotkey is pressed while in the program, it is the same as
pressing Alt-X.
While in an Active Session
==========================
Alt-P
Go to the Control Panel.
Alt-C
Go to the Connection Manager.
Alt-F1..Alt-F10
Switch to session 1 through 10. If no session is open for the
number indicated, no switch will occur. You can also use the
Alt-1 through Alt-0 keys on the main keyboard for the same
purpose.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: These keys may be remapped. Refer to the section in
this manual on keyboard remapping for more information.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Alt-D
Disconnect from the current session. If other sessions are
active, then a switch will occur to another session after the
disconnection. If no other sessions are active, then the
Connection Manager will appear.
Alt-L
Log to a file. Enter a file name to to which PopTerm/NVT will
copy all characters received. The word 'Log' will appear on the
25th line to indicate that logging is active. Press Alt-L again
to turn logging off.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
HINT: The logging facility is often useful in determining
exactly what byte sequences are being sent to
PopTerm/NVT.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Alt-T
Transmit a file. Enter a file name. The program will then send
the data in the file to the host as if you had typed the data.
Alt-O
Send all data only to the printer. No characters will appear on
the main screen while in this mode. The message 'PrO' will
appear on the 25th line. Press Alt-O again to return to the
screen only mode.
Alt-N
Send all data to the printer and the screen. The message 'Pr'
will appear on the 25th line. Press Alt-N again to return to the
screen only mode.
While in the Connection Manager
===============================
Alt-P
Go to the Control Panel.
Alt-L
Load a session file. Enter a session file name. This option
will then load that session file and attempt to connect to the
server named in that file.
Esc
Return to the active session.
While in the Control Panel
==========================
Alt-L
Load a session file. Enter the session file name. The terminal
settings for the current session will be changed to those in the
new session file.
Alt-S
Save a session file. Enter the session file name. If the file
exists, you will be asked whether you wish to overwrite it. All
of the current terminal settings, including the server name, will
be saved in the session file.
ESCape
If you entered the Control Panel from an active session, ESCape
will return you to the session. If you entered from the
Connection Manager, then ESCape will return you there.
Error Messages
The following provides a more detailed explanation of error
messages which are generated by PopTerm/NVT. They are presented
alphabetically.
Access denied
When sharing files on a NetWare Server it is possible that you
will try to access a file for which you do not currently have
reading or writing privileges. Contact your NetWare systems
administrator to resolve the problem.
Critical Disk Error Number <n>
If this error occurs, your disk drive may have a serious problem.
Record the error number and have your disk checked. If no
problem can be found, contact Rational Data Systems or your
PopTerm/NVT supplier.
Disk full
The disk indicated is full. You should immediately exit
PopTerm/NVT and make additional disk space available.
Drive Not Ready
If this error occurs while you are running PopTerm/NVT from a
floppy drive, this usually indicates that either the drive door
is open or the disk was not properly inserted. Reload the disk
and repeat the operation. If this error occurs while you are
running from a hard disk, this may indicate serious disk drive
problems.
Error Receiving from Host. Session will be closed.
A network error has occurred for the current session. This
usually indicates that the NetWare server has gone down or a
cable has been disconnected. There will usually be a pause of
about 10 seconds before this error occurs. Once you press a key
the session will be closed, and you will be switched to another
active session.
File exists
This error should not occur under normal operation and may
indicate a disk or program problem.
File locked
If you are sharing PopTerm/NVT files on a NetWare Server, it is
possible that under rare conditions that a file will be locked by
another user. If this error occurs, simply repeat whatever
operation you were attempting.
File not found
This message may occur in several situations. The most common
situation is if you are attempting to load a session file and
enter a file name that does not exist. It will also appear if
the program cannot find a prompt or help file. This is usually
due to these files being in a different directory from the
directory where the PT.EXE file is located.
Invalid file argument
This error should not occur under normal operation and may
indicate a disk or program problem.
Invalid security key
This message indicates that the security key on your copy of
PT.EXE does not properly match the serial number. If the error
occurs, you will be unable to run until technical support
provides you with a new key.
Invalid session file version
This message indicates that the session file that is currently
being read is incompatible with the current version of
PopTerm/NVT. This should only occur when using a new version of
PopTerm/NVT. You will need to re-enter the settings in the
Control Panel and save the session file under the same name.
This will save the file in the new format. This message may
occur on starting PopTerm/NVT if the DEFAULT.SES file is
incompatible.
No IPX Sockets
The maximum number of IPX Sockets has been reached. To increase
the number available, modify or create a new file called NET.CFG.
This is the file which is used to configure IPX. Place the file
in the directory you will be in when IPX is started. If you
start IPX from your AUTOEXEC.BAT file, place NET.CFG in the root
directory. Add or modify the line,
IPX SOCKETS = <number>
where <number> is the current value. The value should be at
least 20. If the value was already 10 or more, then increase it
by 10. This should provide you with enough IPX Sockets. You
will need to reboot and reload IPX for the new value to take
effect.
No remote login ports available.
This error message occurs when all of the available NVT
connections on the server are currently in use. Unlike other
error messages, this message is sent as text from the server, so
it will appear in the main screen in place of the login prompt.
No further activity can occur within this session until another
user frees up a connection. If this error occurs often, you may
want to have the number of connections that are currently
configured on the server increased. Contact your systems
administrator for assistance.
Printer Not Ready
This indicates that the printer is off, off-line or out of paper.
Correct the problem and retry the last operation.
Too many files open
This error may occur if you are running other applications along
with PopTerm/NVT. The solution is to see that in your CONFIG.SYS
file that FILES= is set to at least 30. This may need to be
greater than 30 for some applications.
Too many PopTerm/NVT users connected.
PopTerm/NVT is sold in different versions based on the number of
users that can use the program at a time. This error message
will occur if you try to start the program when the maximum
number of users is currently using PopTerm/NVT. You will have to
wait until another user exits PopTerm/NVT before you will be able
to restart the program. If this error occurs often, you may want
to upgrade PopTerm/NVT to a higher user count. Contact your
systems administrator for assistance.
Unable to Connect to Server
While in the connection manager, if there is a problem with the
server that you have selected, a connection may fail. Contact
your NetWare systems administrator if this occurs. This error
will occur if you are attempting to connect by using Alt-L to
load a session file, and if the name in the file is not a valid
server name or if that server is not running.
Write-Protect Disk
This error will only occur if you are running PopTerm/NVT on a
floppy drive with a write-protected disk. Simply remove the
write-protection tab and repeat the operation.
PopTerm/NVT for Windows
PopTerm/NVT is a family of multi-session LAN-based terminal
emulation software packages designed specifically for use with
NetWare for Unix. PopTerm/NVT for Windows emulates VT-52, VT-102
and VT-220 terminals on IBM PC, XT, AT, PS/2 and compatible
computers under Microsoft Windows 3.x.
Features
========
PopTerm/NVT for Windows includes the following features:
* VT-xxx Emulation
PopTerm/NVT for Windows emulates the important features of
Digital Equipment's popular VT-52, VT-102 and VT-220
terminals.
* Integrated NVT
NetWare Virtual Terminal (NVT) is the LAN-based protocol
for terminal emulation in conjunction with NetWare for Unix.
While many emulators are NVT compatible, PopTerm/NVT is the
first emulator to actually include enhanced functionality of
Novell's NVT.EXE within the emulator itself.
* Multiple Sessions
Multiple instances of PopTerm/NVT, each consisting of a single
session, may be run at each workstation. These sessions may be
on a single or separate NetWare for Unix servers. PopTerm/NVT
accomplishes this without the need for additional software on
the NetWare for Unix server.
* Internationalization
PopTerm/NVT is a truly international product. In addition to
support for most character sets, a pull-down menu option
instantly switches PopTerm/NVT's prompts and messages between
languages.
* Remappable Keyboard
To support applications which expect a variety of keyboard
layouts as well as the unique requirements of many non-U.S.
keyboards, PopTerm/NVT supports redefining or remapping of
most of the keyboard character codes.
* Network Ready
PopTerm/NVT's simple installation and management procedures
are designed for the multi-user environment. Individual
session files retain host-specific data and each user's
preferences for colors, languages and other emulation
attributes.
* Keyboard Macros
PopTerm NVT supports user-programmable function keys or
macros.
* Restrictions
While PopTerm supports all of the most commonly used
functions of the DEC VTxxx terminals, it does not support
downloadable fonts or the DEC Technical Character Set.
Installation
Installation Checklist
======================
Before installing PopTerm/NVT for Windows, check the following
items:
READ.ME
=======
Print and read the file READ.ME. It contains information and
documentation which supersedes this User's Guide. It is a simple
ASCII file which you can view with an editor such as NOTEPAD.EXE.
IPX
===
If you are using the NetWare ODI drivers, check your version of
IPXODI.COM by changing to the directory where your IPXODI.COM
driver is located and entering the following MS-DOS command:
IPXODI ?
The IPXODI version number will be displayed. You must have an
IPXODI version 1.10 or later.
If you are using a non-ODI IPX.COM, check your version of IPX.COM
by changing to the directory where your IPX.COM driver is located
and entering the following MS-DOS command:
IPX -I
The IPX version number will be displayed. If your IPX is older
than 3.02A, you must build a new IPX.COM. Refer to your NetWare
documentation for details on building a new IPX.COM
Load NetWare Drivers
====================
The NetWare IPX driver (IPX.COM) and Shell (NETX.EXE) must be
loaded before you start Windows. There are many versions of
these files, some specific to versions of MS-DOS, some which
can be loaded into high memory, etc. Refer to your NetWare
documentation for complete details on the NetWare IPX driver and
Shell.
Standard Mode Support
=====================
If you intend to run Windows in Standard Mode, you must load
either TBMI.COM or TBMI2.COM prior to running Windows. These
files may be found on the PopTerm/NVT release diskette and should
be copied to an appropriate directory on your hard disk or file
server.
If you are using a release of MS-DOS prior to 5.0, and you are
running Windows 3.0 or 3.0a, use TBMI.COM. Otherwise use
TBMI2.COM.
NetWare Under Windows
=====================
Start Windows and run the Windows Setup utility which is usually
found in the Main program group. Check to see that the NetWork
item is set to NetWare. If it is not, refer to your Windows
documentation for instructions regarding the installation of
NetWare under Windows.
Loading TBMI* from a Batch File
===============================
If you are required to run TBMI2.COM or TBMI.COM, you will find
it helpful to create a batch file which loads it, starts Windows,
and then unloads it when you exit Windows. Here is what the
batch file should look like:
C:\PTWIN\TBMI2
C:\WINDOWS\WIN
C:\PTWIN\TBMI2 /U
Change the paths as required if your files are located elsewhere.
If you already have a batch file to start Windows, add the lines
containing TBMI2 to it.
If you need to use TBMI.COM instead of TBMI2.COM, edit the batch
file to remove the "2" from each line.
SETUP.EXE
Start Windows
=============
SETUP.EXE is a Windows-based program. It cannot be run from the
MS-DOS command line.
Run SETUP.EXE
=============
Insert the release diskette into a diskette drive. Select the
Run option from the Windows Program Manager File menu. Enter
your disk drive's identifier followed by "SETUP":
a:setup
The Setup program will prompt you for the drive and directory
into which you want to install PopTerm. After you have entered
the directory, select Continue and the installation will proceed.
Starting PopTerm/NVT
====================
Once the installation is complete, you will see the PopTerm/NVT
icon. Double-click on the icon and the program will start.
Select Connect from the Server menu, select a server, and you
should be presented with the login prompt from your Unix host.
If No Servers Appear
====================
If no servers are shown in the list, it is usually attributable
to one of the following causes.
First, NVT may not be running or may not be configured properly
on your NetWare for Unix server. See your NetWare for Unix
documentation for instructions on how to enable NVT using the
sconsole utility.
Second, the IPX driver on your PC may not be configured properly.
Can you connect to your NetWare for Unix file server as an
ordinary NetWare client (i.e., for file and print service)? If
not, then refer to your NetWare documentation for instructions on
configuring your IPX and LAN adaptor.
If neither of these suggestions solves the problem, use NVT.EXE
as a diagnostic tool as described below.
Testing with NVT.EXE
====================
Your NetWare for Unix software includes an MS-DOS program called
NVT.EXE which is used by other terminal emulators to communicate
with NetWare for Unix's NVT. The functionality of NVT.EXE is
contained within PopTerm/NVT, so NVT.EXE should not be used with
PopTerm/NVT. You can, however, use NVT.EXE to test the ability
to make a connection to the server.
First exit Windows and return to the MS-DOS prompt. Do not
attempt to run NVT.EXE from within a Windows DOS Box. Locate the
NVT.EXE program which was supplied with your NetWare for Unix
software. Load NVT.EXE from the MS-DOS prompt by typing:
NVT
Press Alt-T to bring up the list of available NVT servers. The
list you see using NVT.EXE should be the same as that displayed
using PopTerm/NVT.
To unload NVT.EXE, press ESCape to return to the MS-DOS command
line and enter the following command:
NVT -y
If servers are displayed using NVT.EXE but not with PopTerm/NVT,
contact Rational Data Systems or your supplier for assistance.
If no servers are displayed using either NVT.EXE or PopTerm/NVT,
the problem is not within PopTerm/NVT.
PopTerm/NVT Files
PopTerm/NVT for Windows includes the following files:
PopTerm Directory
=================
POPTERM.EXE The PopTerm/NVT for Windows Program
POPHELP.HLP The Help file
PTW-TEXT.* Menu and dialog box text for the supported languages
KEYBOARD.MAP The standard keyboard map file
KEYBOARD.SRC The source file for KEYBOARD.MAP
KEYCOMP.EXE The keyboard map file compiler
KEYTEST.EXE Keyboard scan code test utility
SESSIONS Directory
==================
DEFAULT.SES The default session file. Other session files you
create will also be placed here.
WINDOWS Directory
=================
POPTERM.INI This is where various PopTerm/NVT parameters are
stored.
WINDOWS\SYSTEM Directory
========================
NWCORE.DLL These are the Dynamic Link Libraries required to
NWBIND.DLL support PopTerm/NVT for Windows. They are supplied
NWMISC.DLL by Novell. The .DLL files are also supplied with
NWIPXSPX.DLL other programs such as Workstation for Windows.
NETWARE.DRV Programs may only be compatible with specific
versions of these programs.
WUNLOCK.EXE If you desire to expand your license to support a
larger number of simultaneous users of PopTerm/NVT
for Windows, a Rational Data Systems technician or
your authorized distributor can give you instructions
via telephone or FAX to re-configure your serialized
copy of PopTerm/NVT for Windows using this utility.
RELEASE.TXT This ASCII text file contains information which
is more recent than that contained in this User's Guide.
Installation on a NetWare Server
Introduction
============
This section discusses various issues related to installation of
the PopTerm/NVT files on a NetWare server instead of installation
on individual workstations.
Security and Sharing
====================
The location (and therefore privacy) of session files is
controlled by settings in the POPTERM.INI file. If Windows has
been installed separately for each user (i.e., in different
directories on the server), you have a choice as to whether or
not users will share session files. If all users execute Windows
from a single directory, they will share a session file
directory and the session files it contains.
The location of the directory to be used for each user's session
files is controlled by the following line within POPTERM.INI.
Therefore, if multiple users share a single POPTERM.INI file,
they will also share all session files.
The syntax within POPTERM.INI for defining the session file
directory is as follows:
[popterm]
Default Directory=C:\PTWIN\
Default Session Directory=C:\PTWIN\SESSIONS\
x=4
y=4
w=652
h=383
Windows=3
Max=0
You may edit this file using any standard ASCII text file editor
such as the Windows Notepad. Change the pathname following the
equal sign to reflect the location of the session file directory
for this (or all) users.
Operation
In addition to the main area in which terminal emulation is
displayed, the PopTerm/NVT screen has three other
sections:
Tabs
====
The tab ruler shows the current setting of horizontal tab stops.
It can be displayed or hidden by the Terminal/Show Tabs menu
option.
Control Panel
=============
The control panel displays the current column and row position of
the cursor; and the current state of the four light-emitting
diodes (LEDs) on the VT-102 keyboard. The Logging field will
display "Off", "Printer", "File" or "Both" to indicate the
current file logging mode.
Menus
=====
The pages that follow describe each of the PopTerm/NVT menu
options in detail.
File Menu
Open
Select Open to open an existing Session File. All of the
settings that you previously saved in the Session File will be
loaded and will become the settings for your current session, or
for the next session if you are not connected. If you are not
currently connected to a server when you select OK, the program
will attempt to connect you to the server name that is in the
Session File.
Save
Select Save to save all of your current settings to the current
Session File. If you have not previously loaded a Session File,
a dialog box will appear which will let you enter the name of the
Session File to be saved.
Save As
This will save your current settings to a new Session File. You
may select the directory and enter the Session File name in the
dialog box. You can also enter a Server Name to be saved in the
Session File.
Printer Setup
This option allows you to change any of the print options for
your printers. If you have more than one printer, a list of
printers will first appear from which you can select a printer.
You will then be presented with a dialog box with the options for
that printer. The options available will be different for
different printers.
Once you have selected the printer and set the options, then all
subsequent Print Screens or Printer Echos will use the selected
printer and options. Any changes made here will only effect
printing in PopTerm/NVT and not in other applications.
Print Screen
Print Screen prints a copy of the current PopTerm/NVT window. It
will print 24 rows by either 80 or 132 columns. Print Screen
sends text to the printer, not a graphic image of the screen.
Exit
Exit will close the PopTerm/NVT window. If you are currently
connected, a dialog box will appear to confirm that you want to
disconnect from the current session.
Edit Menu
Copy
The Copy command will copy the currently selected text into the
Windows Clipboard. Text can be selected by clicking with the
mouse at the beginning of the selection and dragging the mouse to
the end of the selection, or by using the Select All command.
Paste
The Paste command will take whatever currently resides on the
Windows Clipboard and send it to the host. Paste will only send
text to the host. Any graphic images on the Clipboard will be
ignored.
For further information on the Windows Clipboard, refer to your
Windows documentation.
Select All
Select All will cause all of the text in the entire PopTerm
window to become selected. This may include areas that are not
currently visible in the window.
Erase Screen
Erase Screen erases all the data from the display.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: Erase Screen is a local operation and does not
communicate with the host computer system.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Terminal Menu
Macros
The Macros dialog box allows you to enter messages of up to 100
characters each that will be sent to the host whenever a macro
function key is pressed. The default macro function keys are
Ctrl-Shift-F1 through Ctrl-Shift-F6.
You can enter a control characters in a Macro by preceding the
control character with the "^" (Shift-6) symbol. For example, to
send control-C to the host, enter ^C in the Macro field.
If you want to send ESCape sequences to the host, you can enter
"^[" (caret followed by a left square bracket) to place an ESCape
character in a macro.
Settings
The Terminal Settings option displays a window allowing you to
examine and change the following emulation modes:
* Terminal Type
Enter the type of terminal emulation desired, either DEC
VT-52, DEC VT-102, DEC VT-220 in 7-bit mode or VT-220 in
8-bit mode. The setting here must match the TERM variable
on the UNIX server.
* Columns
Indicate whether to display in 80 column or 132 column
mode.
* Cursor Shape
Select either a Block or Underline cursor.
* Cursor Rate
Enter a Cursor Blink Rate. 1=Slowest. 5=Fastest.
* Auto Wrap
Check this box if you want characters to wrap around to
the next line whenever a character is displayed in the last
column.
* Auto Line Feed
Check this box if you want each carriage return that is
sent to the host to be followed by a line feed.
* Key Click
Check this box if you want an audible click with each
keystroke.
* Margin Bell
Check this box if you want a beep whenever you are 8
characters from the end of a line.
* Reverse Video
Check this box if you want the foreground and background
colors to be reversed.
* ANSI Colors
If your host computer will send ANSI color commands, then
selecting this option will enable PopTerm/NVT for Windows to
display the ANSI colors. The colors displayed will override
the normal foreground/background color selections.
* Answer Back
Enter a message to be returned to the host whenever a
Read Status request is sent from the host.
* Font
Select a font and point size from the list.
Language
The Language option displays a window allowing you to examine and
change various language-specific options.
* Language
Select the language in which all menus and dialog boxes
will be displayed.
* Character Set
Select the appropriate National Replacement Character Set.
Colors
Select the Foreground and Background colors. When you select a
color, the Sample Text at the top of the dialog box will show you
how the current color combination will appear.
The colors you select may be changed by ANSI ESCape sequences
transmitted by your host applications if ANSI is selected in the
Settings dialog box.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: The first color show in the Background Color list is the
color selected in the Windows Control Panel as your
standard Windows background color.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Printer Echo
Whenever the Printer Echo menu option is checked, all text that
is displayed in the PopTerm window will be echoed to the
currently selected printer. To turn off Printer Echo, select the
menu item again.
File Echo
If you select File Echo, then a dialog box will appear in which
you can enter a file name. Once you enter the name and press OK,
all data that is sent from the host and displayed in the window
will also be written to the file. To stop writing to the file,
select the menu item again.
Show Tabs
Whenever the Show Tabs menu option is checked, the Tab Bar will
appear at the top of the PopTerm window. You can change the tab
settings at any time by clicking on the Tab Bar or by selecting
Clear Tabs or Default Tabs from the menu. To remove the Tab Bar,
click on the Show Tabs option again.
Show Status
Whenever the Show Status menu option is checked, the Status Bar
will appear at the bottom of the screen. The Status Bar
indicates the current row and column of the cursor, the LED
lights for VT-102 and VT-220 terminals, and whether File Echo
and/or Printer Echo are currently on. To remove the Status Bar,
click on the Show Status menu option again.
Clear Tabs
When the Tab Bar is currently showing, clicking on Clear Tabs
will remove all Tab settings.
Default Tabs
When the Tab Bar is currently showing, clicking on Default Tabs
will set a tab at the 9th column, and at every 8th column
thereafter.
Send File
The Send File option allows you to send a file to the host. A
dialog box will appear asking for the name of the file to send.
The file will be sent to the host as if you had typed the
information from the keyboard. It is recommended that the Send
File option only be used for sending text files.
Server Menu
When you choose the Server menu, only one of the items, Connect
or Disconnect, can be selected.
If you have a currently active session, then the Disconnect item
can be selected. If there is no active session, then the Connect
item can be selected.
Connect
The Connect option first presents a list of the currently
available servers.
When you select a server, the program will try to connect you to
that server. If it is successful you will be presented with the
login prompt from the host.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
HINT: You may need to hit the Enter key once or twice before
you receive the login prompt.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
You can also connect to a server using a previously saved session
file as described later.
Disconnect
When you select the Disconnect option, you will first be
presented with a dialog box to confirm that you want to
disconnect. If you select Yes, your session with the host will
be terminated.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: Exiting PopTerm/NVT while a session is active will
perform a Disconnect on that session.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Session Files
Session Files contain a server name, macros, terminal settings,
colors, language, font, character set, and tab settings.
Session files are created by selecting Save As from the File
Menu. All of the settings for the current session will be saved
in the Session File. You can select the directory in which to
place the Session File.
A different Session File can be loaded for the current session by
selecting Open in the File Menu. The settings from that Session
File will become the new settings for the current session.
PopTerm/NVT is installed with a Default Session File which is
called DEFAULT.SES. Whenever PopTerm/NVT is started, if no
Session Files are indicated on the command line, the program will
load the Default Session File and attempt to establish a
connection with the server named in that file. You can change
the settings and the server name in the Default Session File by
selecting Save As from the File Menu, and saving the session to
file name DEFAULT.SES.
POPTERM.INI
===========
The Setup program creates a file called POPTERM.INI in your
Windows main directory. This file contains a single section
which contains entries of the form,
[popterm]
Default Directory=<exe_path>
Default Session Directory=<session_path>
x=4
y=4
w=652
h=383
Windows=3
Max=0
where <exe_path> is the complete path of the directory in which
the PopTerm/NVT for Windows files are loaded, and
<session_path> is the directory in which session files will be
stored. For example,
Default Directory=C:\PTWIN\
Default Session Directory=C:\PTWIN\SESSIONS\
If you would like to store your session files in a different
directory, change the Default Session Directory. You should copy
DEFAULT.SES to the new directory.
Search Algorithm
================
The method by which PopTerm/NVT searches for session files has
been carefully designed to support both single-user and LAN
environments, recognizing that in a LAN environment there will be
times at which users will want to share session files and other
times at which they will want to use private session files.
If a command line argument was specified via the Program Item
Property or via the Run command, PopTerm/NVT uses the following
logic:
* If a filename extension was specified, it is removed.
* The extension ".SES" is appended.
* If a drive or path was specified, only that drive or
path is searched.
* If no drive or path was specified, PopTerm/NVT searches
first in the Default Session Directory specified in the
POPTERM.INI file (see above), then in the current directory.
* If the specified session file is not found, an error
dialog box is displayed.
If no command line argument is specified
* PopTerm/NVT first looks for the file DEFAULT.SES using
the Default Session Directory specified in POPTERM.INI, then in
the current directory.
If DEFAULT.SES is not found, PopTerm/NVT will start using
internal default parameters.
Multiple Session Support
You may start as many sessions of PopTerm/NVT for Windows as you
like by starting multiple copies of PopTerm/NVT. There are two
features of the product which will help you keep track of
separate sessions.
Session Files
=============
For ad-hoc sessions, select the Server/Connect menu option then
click on the server to which you want to connect. If you want to
connect to that server in the future, create a session file for
that server. First set the appropriate options from the Terminal
menu, then select the File/Save As option. Use a filename that
will remind you of the server or the application to which you are
connecting.
The next time you want to connect to the same server, place the
name of the session file on the command line after the
PopTerm/NVT program name. For example, if you save a session
file named UNIX4.SES, under the Program Manager select the Run
option and enter:
POPTERM.EXE UNIX4
This will start a PopTerm/NVT session with the same attributes
and settings that you had previously saved.
You may want to create additional PopTerm/NVT program items using
the Program Manager's File/New menu option. Each one can specify
running PopTerm with a different session file.
Icons
=====
When you reduce a PopTerm/NVT session to an icon, the text that
appears below the icon is the name of the session file currently
in use. You can choose your session file names to help you keep
track of multiple sessions.
You should also consider setting a different background color for
each PopTerm/NVT session. When a session is reduced to an icon,
the background color of the icon is the same as the background
color of the full-sized PopTerm/NVT screen.
Fonts and Character Sets
PopTerm/NVT allows you to change the display font and
size via the Terminal/Settings dialog box. Only fixed pitch
(monospaced) fonts appear on the list. TrueType fonts may be
used in 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 24, 30, 36 and 48 point. You
can use non-TrueType fonts in any point size supported by those
fonts.
Window Size
===========
If the display window is not large enough to display all the data
on the emulated terminal's screen, PopTerm/NVT will display
vertical and/or horizontal scroll bars as necessary. To resize
the window to display exactly the 24x80 or 24x132 column image,
select the Terminal/24x80 (or 132) Window menu operation. If the
screen and font sizes permit the full image to be displayed, the
scroll bars will disappear.
If you reduce the font size, the active display area will be less
than that used by PopTerm/NVT. Select the Terminal/24x80 (or
132) Window option to re-size the window to the optimum
dimensions.
PopTerm/NVT saves the current window size in the POPTERM.INI file
each time you exit the program. The next time you start
PopTerm/NVT, it will start with the previously saved window
dimensions.
Character Sets
==============
PopTerm/NVT can display the DEC line-drawing set (used to draw
boxes and other simple graphics) only when an OEM font is
selected. The line-drawing characters are not supported by ANSI
fonts. For example, Terminal is an OEM font and includes the
line drawing characters, whereas Courier, an ANSI font, does not.
Function Key Mapping
Accelerator Keys
================
PopTerm/NVT for Windows provides a number of Windows Accelerator
keys. These keys will perform certain menu functions without
having to use the mouse. The keys are,
Function Accelerator Key
-------------------------------------
Open Alt-O
Save As Alt-V
Copy Ctrl-Insert
Paste Shift-Insert
Exit Alt-F4
Settings Alt-P
Printer Echo Alt-N
File Echo Alt-L
Show Tabs Alt-B
Show Status Alt-U
Connect Alt-C
Disconnect Alt-D
Terminal Keys
=============
The following chart indicates the default mapping of the
PopTerm/NVT for Windows keys to the DEC VT-xx terminal keys.
Function keys are supported for VT-52, VT-102, and VT-220.
VT-xxx Key PopTerm/NVT Key
-----------------------------------------
Return Enter
Tab Tab
Delete Delete
Arrow Keys Arrow Keys
Keypad "-" Keypad "-"
Keypad "," Keypad "*"
Keypad "." Keypad "."
Keypad Enter Keypad "+"
PF1..PF4 F1..F4
[PopTerm Macros] Ctrl-Shift F1..F6
Insert Insert
Prev Screen Page Up
Next Screen Page Down
Find Ctrl-F1
Insert Ctrl-F2
Remove Ctrl-F3
Select Ctrl-F4
F6..F12 F6..F12
F11..F20 Shift-F1..F10
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: The VT-xxx F11 and F12 keys may be simulated by either
pressing the PC F11 and F12 keys or Shift-F1 and Shift-F2.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: It is possible to remap many of the above keys. Refer
to the section in this manual on keyboard remapping for
more information.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Error Messages
Could not open socket
The maximum number of IPX Sockets has been reached. To increase
the number available, modify or create a new file called NET.CFG.
This is the file that is used to configure IPX. Place the file
in the directory you will be in when IPX is started. If you
start IPX from your AUTOEXEC.BAT file, then place NET.CFG in the
root directory. Add or modify the line,
IPX SOCKETS = <number>
where <number> is the current value. This value should be at
least 40. This should provide you with enough IPX Sockets. If
necessary, increase by 10 sockets at a time. You will need to
reboot and reload IPX for the new value to take effect.
Connection to Host has failed.
A network error has occurred for the current session. This
usually indicates that the NVT server has gone down or a cable
has been disconnected. There will usually be a pause of about 10
seconds before this error occurs. Once you press a key, you will
be disconnected from that session. You may then try to
re-connect or connect to another server.
Invalid Security Key
This message indicates that the security key on your copy of
POPTERM.EXE does not properly match the serial number. If the
error occurs, you will be unable to run until technical support
provides you with a new key.
Invalid session file version
This message indicates that the session file that is currently
being read is incompatible with the current version of
PopTerm/NVT for Windows. This message may occur on starting
PopTerm/NVT if the DEFAULT.SES file is incompatible.
IPX Initialization Error #<number>
PopTerm/NVT is unable to initialize IPX. This is sometimes due
to an incompatibility between the revision of IPX and
NWIPXSPX.DLL. Try using the most recent versions of each of your
IPX driver and NWIPXSPX.DLL.
IPX must be loaded
The program IPX.COM or IPXODI.COM must be loaded before you start
Windows. This error indicates that PopTerm/NVT for Windows could
not find IPX in memory. If this error occurs, no connections
will be possible.
Keyboard Mapfile not found
PopTerm/NVT was unable to locate the keyboard map file.
Language file not found
PopTerm/NVT for Windows stores some of the text for different
languages in files of the form PTW-TEXT.*. If these files are
not available to the program, then when you change to a new
language this error will occur. Certain prompts will then remain
in the previous language. These files should be in the default
directory as specified in POPTERM.INI.
No remote login ports available
This error message occurs when all of the available NVT
connections on the server are currently in use. Unlike the other
error messages, this message is sent as text from the server, so
it will appear in the main screen in place of the login prompt.
No further activity can occur on this session until another user
frees up a connection. If this error occurs often, you may want
to have the number of connections that are currently configured
on the server increased. Contact your systems administrator for
assistance.
No timers available
Under Windows, a limited number of timers are available for
applications to use. If other applications are using all of the
timers when PopTerm/NVT for Windows starts up, then this error
will occur, and you will be unable to run the program. You may
be able to free up some timers by closing another application.
Out of memory
There is insufficient memory to run PopTerm/NVT for Windows. Try
closing another application to free up some memory.
Send error
PopTerm/NVT for Windows was unable to send characters to the
host. This usually means that the host has stopped accepting
characters from the program. Check with your systems
administrator.
Session file not found
The Session File indicated was not found. Change the file name
or the directory to load the file. This error may occur on
startup if the DEFAULT.SES file cannot be found.
Too many PopTerm/NVT users connected
PopTerm/NVT is sold in different versions based on the number of
users that can use the program at one time. This error message
will occur if you try to start the program when the maximum
number of users is currently using PopTerm/NVT. You will have to
wait until another user exits PopTerm/NVT before you will be able
to restart the program. If this error occurs often, you may want
to upgrade PopTerm/NVT to a higher user count. Contact your
systems administrator for assistance.
Emulation Issues
Introduction
============
This chapter describes in detail how PopTerm/NVT for MS-DOS and
Windows emulate various terminal types. The sections of this
chapter are:
* Your Unix Host
This section discusses various issues relating to host
applications, environment settings and NVT.
* VT-52 ESCape Sequences
* VT-102 ESCape Sequences
* VT-220 ESCape Sequences
* ANSI Color Support
PopTerm/NVT supports ANSI colors in both VT-102 and VT-220
modes. This section describes that support and how to modify your
Unix applications to take advantage of it.
* Keyboard Remapping
Many of the PopTerm/NVT keyboard assignments may be changed
by editing and recompiling the keyboard map as described in
this section.
Your Unix Host
Environment Variables
=====================
Some Unix applications require the proper values for certain
environment variables on your host system. The manner in which
this is done depends upon your host system as well as the Unix
shell in use. Some examples of how these environment variables are
set are shown below.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
WARNING! The examples shown here are only examples. The shell
commands which are right for your system will, very
likely, be different. Refer to the documentation for
your host Unix system and your application(s).
-----------------------------------------------------------------
For running many Unix applications such as "vi":
* using the C Shell:
setenv TERM vt220
* using the Bourne or Korn Shells:
TERM=vt220
export TERM
Some applications require the setting of additional
application-specific variables. For running WordPerfect/Unix, for
example, add the following:
* using the C Shell:
setenv WPTERM vt220
* using the Bourne or Korn Shells:
WPTERM=vt220
export WPTERM
Configuring NVT Connections on the Server
=========================================
The number of NVT connections that can be made to a single server
can be configured by the system administrator for the server.
NetWare for Unix provides a program called sconsole that can be run
on the server to set the number of NVT connections. See your
NetWare for Unix documentation for details.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
HINT: Each PopTerm/NVT session requires one connection. If 10
users each have 3 sessions currently active, this
requires 30 connections. If users are regularly getting
the 'No remote login ports available' error message, then
the number of NVT connections on the server should be
increased. Some versions of NetWare for Unix will only
allow a maximum of 50 NVT connections.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
VT-52 Emulation
Keyboard Mapping
================
In VT-52 mode, PopTerm/NVT's keyboard mapping is permanent. The
function keys are mapped as follows:
Keyboard DEC VT-52 Key
---------------------------------
F1 PF1
F2 PF2
F3 PF3
F4 PF4
F5-F10 (used for PopTerm/NVT Macro keys)
Display Function Codes
======================
PopTerm/NVT supports the following display ESCape sequences in
VT-52 mode:
Sequence Function
---------------------------------------------------
ESC < Enter ANSI Mode
ESC A Cursor Up
ESC B Cursor Down
ESC C Cursor Right
ESC D Cursor Left
ESC H Cursor Home
ESC Y<r><c> Cursor Position (<r>ow,<c>olumn)
ESC K Erase to end of line
ESC J Erase to end of screen
ESC Z Request Device Reply
ESC = Keypad Application Mode
ESC > Keypad Numeric Mode
ESC I Reverse Line Feed
VT-102 Emulation
PopTerm/NVT supports the following display ESCape sequences in
VT-102 and TV-102/AC modes:
Sequence Function
---------------------------------------------------
ESC #3 Dbl-top
ESC #4 Dbl-Bottom
ESC #5 Single
ESC #6 Dbl-Wide
ESC [<n>m Attributes (<n>=0-7)
ESC [<n>m Attributes (<n>=22-27)
ESC [<n>m ANSI Colors (<n>=30-37, 40-47)
ESC 7 Save Cursor
ESC 8 Restore Cursor
ESC D Cursor Down
ESC E Cursor to Start of Next Line
ESC M Cursor Up
ESC [<n>A Cursor Up <n>
ESC [<n>B Cursor Down <n>
ESC [<n>C Cursor Right <n>
ESC [<n>D Cursor Left <n>
ESC [<r;c>H Cursor at <r,c>
ESC [<r;c>f Cursor at <r,c>
ESC [<t;b>r Set Scrolling Region <t>op;<b>ottom
Within the following group, replace "h" with "l" to achieve the
opposite result:
ESC [20h Auto Linefeed Off/On
ESC [?1h Application/Cursor Mode
ESC [?2h VT-52 mode
ESC [?3h 132/80 Column
ESC [?4h Smooth/Jump scrolling
ESC [?5h Reverse/Normal Screen
ESC [?6h Relative/Abs. Origin
ESC [?7h Char. Wrap On/Off
ESC = Application Keypad Mode
ESC > Numeric Keypad Mode
ESC [i Print Screen
ESC [?1i Print Cursor Line
ESC [5i Print to Printer Only
ESC [4i Print to Screen Only
ESC [?5i Print to Printer and Screen
ESC [?4i Print to Screen Only
ESC [<n>M Delete <n> lines
ESC [<n>P Delete <n> chars
ESC [<n>L Insert <n> lines
ESC [<n>@ Insert <n> chars
ESC [<n>X Erase <n> chars
ESC [K Erase to end-of-line
ESC [1K Erase from start of line
ESC [2K Erase line
ESC [J Erase to end-of-screen
ESC [1J Erase from start-of-screen
ESC [2J Erase screen
ESC H Set Tab at Column
ESC [g Clear Tab
ESC [3g Clear all tabs
ESC [0q All Leds off
ESC [1q Set LED 1
ESC [2q Set LED 2
ESC [3q Set LED 3
ESC [4q Set LED 4
ESC [c Request device reply
ESC [Z Request device reply
ESC [5n Device Status request
ESC [6n Cursor Position request
ESC #8 Screen Alignment Pattern
SI Map G0 into GL
SO Map G1 into GL
In the following sequences, <c> refers to a single character
selected from the Character Sets which follows:
ESC (<c> G0 is c
ESC )<c> G1 is c
Character Sets
==============
The following codes may be used to replace <c> in the above
character set selection commands:
B ASCII
0 Special Graphics (Line)
A British
4 Dutch
5 or C Finnish
R French
9 or Q French Canada
K German
Y Italian
' or E or 6 Norwegian/Dutch
Z Spanish
7 or H Swedish
= Swiss
VT-220 Emulation
Special Codes
=============
The following are ASCII codes with values greater than 127
(decimal) which, therefore, operate only while the emulator is in
8-bit mode.
Code Function
----------------------------------------------
IND Index
NEL Next Line
HTS Hor. Tab Set
RI Reverse Index
SS2 Single-Shift G2
SS3 Single-Shift G3
DCS Device-Control String
CSI Control Sequence Intro
ST String Terminator
ESCape Sequences
================
PopTerm/NVT supports the following display ESCape sequences in
addition to those specified for VT-102 emulation while in VT-220
mode:
Code Function
--------------------------------------------
ESC P Same as DCS
ESC \ Same as ST
ESC <sp>F Select 7-bit Commands
ESC <sp>G Select 8-bit Commands
CSI <n>"q Select erasable
ESC 7 Save Cursor
ESC 8 Restore Cursor
Within the following group, replace "h" with "l" to perform the
alternative function:
CSI 2h Lock/Unlock Keyboard
CSI 4h Insert/Replace Mode
CSI 12h Local Echo On/Off
CSI ?18h Print FF after PrSc
CSI ?19h PrSc is Full Screen or Scrolling Region
CSI ?25h Hide/Display cursor
CSI 61"p Set VT-100 mode
CSI 62"p Set VT-220 8-bit
CSI 62;0"p Set VT-220 8-bit
CSI 62;2"p Set VT-220 8-bit
CSI 62;1"p Set VT-220 7-bit
CSI <n>M Delete <n> lines
CSI <n>P Delete <n> chars
CSI <n>L Insert <n> lines
CSI <n>@ Insert <n> chars
CSI <n>X Erase <n> chars on line
CSI ?0K Erase EOL erasable
CSI ?1K Erase SOL erasable
CSI ?2K Erase Line erasable
CSI ?0J Erase EOS erasable
CSI ?1J Erase SOS erasable
CSI ?2J Erase screen erasable
CSI c Device attribute request
ESC Z Device attribute request
CSI >c Secondary device attribute
CSI ?15n Printer status request
CSI ?25n User-Defined Keys Locked
CSI ?26n Keyboard Language
CSI !p Soft Terminal Reset
ESC c Hard Reset
ESC ~ Map G1 into GR
ESC n Map G2 into GL
ESC } Map G2 into GR
ESC o Map G3 into GL
ESC | Map G3 into GR
ESC N Map G2 into GL for next char only
ESC O Map G3 into Gl for next char only
In the following sequences, <c> refers to a single character
selected from the Character Sets which follows:
ESC (<c> G0 is c
ESC )<c> G1 is c
Character Sets
==============
The following codes may be used to replace <c> in the above
character set selection commands:
B ASCII
0 Special Graphics (Line)
A British
4 Dutch
5 or C Finnish
R French
9 or Q French Canada
K German
Y Italian
' or E or 6 Norwegian/Dutch
Z Spanish
7 or H Swedish
= Swiss
ESC *<c> Set G2 Character Set
ESC +<c> Set G3 Character Set
ANSI Color Support
PopTerm/NVT supports ANSI color commands sent from the host. When
a color command is received, the program will display subsequently
received characters using the new background and/or foreground
colors which will become the configured colors for this session and
will be shown on the Control Panel. If the colors are subsequently
changed through the Control Panel, the Control Panel settings will
override the last ANSI color command.
MS-DOS
======
To use ANSI color commands with the DOS version of PopTerm/NVT, you
must select a terminal type of VT-102/AC or VT-220 via the Control
Panel. If you select VT-52 or VT-102 as your terminal type, all
color commands will be ignored. If you switch from VT-102/AC or
VT-220 to VT-52 or VT-102, ANSI color information on the screen
will be removed, and the screen will appear in the selected
foreground and background colors.
Windows
=======
To enable ANSI colors in PopTerm/NVT for Windows, check the ANSI
Color box on the Terminal/Settings dialog box.
Underline Colors (DOS Only)
===========================
Since the PC cannot display underlines in color when using the
standard font, PopTerm/NVT DOS allows the user to choose a color in
which underline characters will be displayed. Since the
application at the host end will not know what the underline color
selection will be, it is possible that an ANSI color command could
render underline characters unreadable. For example, if the user
selects red as his underline color, and the host then sends a
command for a white foreground and a red background, then
underlined characters would appear as red-on-red spaces.
To avoid this problem, PopTerm/NVT for DOS selects a new underline
color for the user whenever an ANSI color command is received.
This will override the value that is selected in the Control Panel.
The underline color that PopTerm/NVT selects will always be
different from the current foreground or background color.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: PopTerm/NVT for Windows displays true underlines.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
ESCape Sequences
================
The ESCape sequence that can be sent from the host is in the
standard VT-100 form,:
ESC [ # ;...; # m
where the #'s are replaced by one or more of the following
parameters.
Parameter Attributes
----------------------------------------
0 All Attributes Off
1 Bold On
4 Underscore On
5 Blink On
7 Reverse Video On
30 Black Foreground
31 Red Foreground
32 Green Foreground
33 Yellow Foreground
34 Blue Foreground
35 Magenta Foreground
36 Cyan Foreground
37 White Foreground
40 Black Background
41 Red Background
42 Green Background
43 Yellow Background
44 Blue Background
45 Magenta Background
46 Cyan Background
47 White Background
For example, the following sequence will cause the display to
appear in a yellow foreground on a blue background:
ESC [33;44m
Keyboard Remapping
Introduction
============
PopTerm/NVT allows you to remap the keyboard in order to modify the
characters which are transmitted to your Unix host when keys are
pressed. Map files start as editable ASCII text files (with the
extension .SRC) which are then compiled by the KEYCOMP.EXE utility.
The resulting binary files (with the extension .MAP) are used by
PopTerm/NVT to perform keyboard mapping at runtime.
Default Map
===========
When started, PopTerm/NVT normally loads the default keyboard map
file, KEYBOARD.MAP, which must be in the same directory as the
program.
Command Line
============
You can specify a different keyboard map file on the command line
using the following syntax under MS-DOS:
PT /K<map_filename>
or the following under Windows:
POPTERM /K<map_filename> [<session_filename>]
No filename extension should be specified, and there must be no
space between the /K and the filename. If your keyboard map is
named MYKEY.MAP, for example, your MS-DOS command line might be:
c>pt /kmykey
or, when using the Windows version:
popterm /kmkey
Source File
===========
The file KEYBOARD.SRC supplied with PopTerm/NVT was used to create
KEYBOARD.MAP. To modify PopTerm/NVT's keyboard mapping, you may
either edit this source file or create one of your own.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
WARNING! All keyboard functions in VT-102(/AC) and VT-220 modes
depend upon the keyboard map file. If the mappings for
the function keys, etc., are not defined within it,
PopTerm/NVT will not operate correctly. If you wish to
change the mapping of a key, do not delete the other
mappings in KEYBOARD.SRC. If a keyboard map file is
not present, PopTerm/NVT will not start.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------
HINT: If you want to change the keyboard map, you should first
make a copy of KEYBOARD.SRC under another name and edit
that copy.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
KEYBOARD.SRC is a list of the scan codes for each PC key
combination and the string of characters which are to be sent when
the associated key is pressed.
Key Values
==========
To determine the scan code for any keystroke combination, run the
MS-DOS program KEYTEST.EXE:
c>keytest
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: Do not attempt to run KEYTEST.EXE from Windows. Exit
Windows and return to MS-DOS before running KEYTEST.EXE.
KEYTEST will display the scan codes for each keystroke
combination you press until you press ESCape.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Which Table?
============
If the first value for a given key combination is preceded by an
equal sign ("="), use the Table-A Method described below when
remapping that key combination. If the value is not preceded by an
"=", use the Table B Method. For example, if you run KEYTEST.EXE
and press the F7 key, you will see that the scan code for the F7
key is "0x41". Because the value is not preceded by an equal sign,
you should use the Table B Method to remap this key.
Foreign Keyboards
=================
When creating a map for a non-U.S. keyboard, set the KEYBOARD= item
in the source file to the appropriate value from the list below:
3=Swiss/French
4=Swiss/German
5=Canadian/English
6=Katakana
7=Italian
8=Canadian/French
9=US
A=UK
B=French
C=German
D=Swedish/French
E=Spanish
F=Danish/Norwegian
The default is
KEYBOARD=9
for the US keyboard layout. If your are modifying the mapping to
correspond to the French keyboard layout, change this to
KEYBOARD=B
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: If you are using a non-U.S. keyboard, you may need to
load the MS-DOS KEYB.COM program or other keyboard and
display programs. Refer to your MS-DOS documentation for
additional information.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Restrictions
============
Both PopTerm/NVT and Microsoft Windows make use of a number of
Alt-<key> combinations. For this reason, PopTerm/NVT does not
allow remapping of Alt-<key> combinations using printable
characters (letters, numbers or punctuation characters).
-----------------------------------------------------------------
WARNING! Most PopTerm/NVT key combinations are defined solely
by their mappings in the map file. If a key's mapping
is omitted from the map file, the key will have no
effect when pressed. Always create a new map by
editing a copy of KEYBOARD.SRC, and only delete a
mapping if you truly want the associated key to have
no function.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Source File Syntax
==================
Any text in the source file before a line which begins with a "!"
will be written to the beginning of the output file, followed by a
^Z. This allows map files to be TYPEd at the DOS prompt, causing
valuable information to be displayed. Typical text includes
revision and copyright information.
Numeric values can be entered using standard "C" syntax in octal
(beginning with "0"), decimal (beginning with a non-zero number),
or hex (beginning with "0x"). KEYBOARD.SRC, as supplied, has all
values listed in hex.
Comments begin with a ";". If not starting in column one, you must
have a space before the ";".
Table "A" Method
================
If KEYTEST returns a value preceded by "=", you should remap the
key combination using a statement with the following syntax:
=<val> %<scancode> [[A][S][C][N][K]] <action>
where <val> is the 1-byte value returned by KEYTEST and
<action> is described later. The %<scancode> is the value
shown in square brackets ("[]") by KEYTEST.
The %<scancode> is used to differentiate between two keys that
return the same initial <value>, but must be distinguished in
order to cause different actions. It may be followed by "A", "S",
"C", "N", or "K" to represent Alt, Shift, Control, NumLock, or
K-mode respectively. Note that "A", "S", "C", "N", and "K" may
appear in any order, and may be in upper or lower case. "K" mode
is described later.
For example, the backspace key and ^H both return the code "=0x08"
which would normally transmit a ^H character. If the terminal
should generate an ASCII rubout (0x7f) instead for the backspace
key, then use the following statements to resolve it:
=0x08 %0xe 0x7f ;backspace: rubout
=0x08 %0x23 c 0x08 ;control-h: hex 8
If KEYTEST returns a value which is preceded by an "=", then this
remap method must be used. Otherwise, use the Table "B" method as
follows.
Table "B" Method
================
Keys which do not generate codes preceded by "=" must be identified
by the following syntax:
<scancode> [A][S][C][N][K] <action>
where <scancode> is the value shown by KEYTEST, "A", "S", "C",
"N", and "K" refer to Alt, Control, Shift, NumLock, and K-mode
respectively, and <action> is described later. Note that "A",
"S", "C", "N" and "K" may appear in any order, and may be in upper
or lower case.
K-Mode
======
On VT-100 and -200 series terminals there is a special mode for the
keypad called the Keypad Application Mode (KAM). When KAM is
turned on by an application, the keypad can be used for performing
special functions defined by the application.
K-mode is handled in the keyboard map the same way Shift, Control,
and Alt are handled, except a "K" is used instead of an "S", "C",
"N", or "A". This makes combinations such as KS, KCA, etc.,
possible. It will only work with the keypad keys, however, and it
will be ignored if applied to any other key.
Because the setting of K-mode can only be done by an application,
the user will seldom have a reason to change this in the map. One
reason to do so might be to allow a key to act as if it were not in
K-mode while the others are handled normally. For example, the
user might want the 5 key to send a "5" instead of sending the
normal K-mode character string "ESC Ou" for that key.
N-Mode
======
N-mode allows proper operation of the numeric/cursor keypad while
the NumLock key is on. It is highly unlikely that you will need to
either modify the N-mode keys listed in KEYBOARD.SRC or create new
N-mode mappings, but these N-mode mappings must be present in
KEYBOARD.SRC for the keypad to operate properly.
Actions
=======
The results of a keystroke are an <action> which may consist of
transmitting one or more bytes of data. There are also special
built-in <actions> which are indicated by an asterisk ("*")
followed by a number between 1 and 20.
If an <action> does not start with an asterisk, it is assumed to
be one or more bytes which are to be transmitted by PopTerm/NVT
when the specified keystrokes are detected. Simply specify the
string of byte values, up to a maximum of nine such values. For
example, the "F1" function key is defined as:
0x3b 0x1b 0x4f 0x50 ;F1 - ESC OP
To explain, the <scancode> is "0x3b" and the key will transmit
three bytes, 0x1b, 0x4f, and 0x50 (an ESC, followed by 'O' and
'P').
*1 though *6 refer to the six user-programmable macros which can be
set on the Control Panel screen (Alt-P) in PopTerm/NVT for MS-DOS
or the Terminal/Keyboard Macros menu/dialog box in PopTerm/NVT for
Windows. Macros are strings of up to 30 characters which will be
sent to the host when the keys to which they are assigned are
pressed.
*7 and *8 are for shifting the display right or left when
PopTerm/NVT is set for 132 column mode in the MS-DOS version of
PopTerm/NVT. These are initially set to control-right-arrow and
control-left-arrow.
*11 though *20 switch between sessions in the MS-DOS version of
PopTerm/NVT. *11 is for session one, *12 is for session two, and
so on. With the default key mappings, Alt-F1 (which has *11
assigned to it) would switch to session one, Alt-F2 (with *12)
would switch to session two, and so on.
*7 through *20 have no purpose in the Windows version of
PopTerm/NVT.
Multiple Entries
================
KEYCOMP uses the first occurrence of a key listed in KEYBOARD.SRC
for a mapping. In other words, if a key is listed more than once,
only the first one encountered will be used. For example, if the
following two lines were in KEYBOARD.SRC, only the first one,
mapping the F4 key to PF4, would be used. The second one mapping
F4 to macro four would be ignored.
0x3e 0x1b 0x4f 0x53 ;F4 - ESC OS
0x3e *4 ;Macro 4
If you find that a key mapping doesn't seem to work, try looking
for a duplicate earlier in the file.
Running KEYCOMP.EXE
===================
To run the compiler, use the following MS-DOS command:
KEYCOMP [<source_file>]
The output is always placed in the file KEYBOARD.MAP and may be
renamed. If <source_file> is not specified, KEYBOARD.SRC is
assumed.